Gut microbiome and systemic health: interactions, impacts and therapeutic perspectives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24859/SaberDigital.2026v19n1.1814Keywords:
Risk Assessment, Diabetes, Obesity, ProbioticsAbstract
The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in regulating metabolic, immunological, and neurological functions, influencing the development and progression of various diseases. Objective: This review article summarizes the literature on the impact of the gut microbiome on systemic health. The objective is to analyze the existing evidence on the interactions between the microbiota and different physiological systems, identify the clinical implications derived from these findings, and explore emerging therapeutic perspectives. Method: A review based on a qualitative approach, using summative content analysis, was conducted to synthesize the scientific evidence on the impact of the gut microbiome on systemic health. To this end, relevant studies published in the scientific databases PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO were compiled, considering studies published between 2000 and 2025. Results and Discussion: Recent studies have demonstrated its impact on digestive disorders, autoimmune diseases, obesity, diabetes, and even neuropsychiatric conditions. Microbiome modulation through probiotics, prebiotics, specific diets, and fecal microbiota transplantation has emerged as a promising strategy in personalized medicine. However, its application faces challenges such as individual microbiome variability, the need for standardized methodologies, and long-term risk assessment. Conclusion: In conclusion, understanding the interactions between the gut microbiota and systemic health opens up new therapeutic possibilities that could revolutionize modern medicine, although continued research is essential to optimize their clinical application.
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